After Mardia, Goodall & Rubbo, JRSS A (2026) · 24 bins, Δθ = 15°
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Bars grow out from the base circle, as in the paper's Figure 4.
Theory mode follows the paper's ball dynamics: one peg per row, left or right at 50/50, so the bins follow the wrapped binomial WB(n, 24) with ρ = cosⁿ(π/24). Soft, Nylon and Steel switch to full collision physics, where balls can skip rows or jump several pegs. The paper used 2,000 balls. This model caps the load per module count because its single-layer bins pack less tightly than the real 6.5 mm lane.